美国制造 24K金底座 康宁玻璃 苹果库克给特朗普 送礼 (美国制造2406L心脏起搏器参数)

凤凰网科技讯 北京时期8月7日，据科技网站TheVerge报道，美国总统特朗普周三在白宫举行资讯公布会，引见了苹果公司的新美国制造方案。在这场活动上， 苹果CEO蒂姆·库克(Tim Cook)向特朗普赠送了一份礼物： 一个由iPhone玻璃制造商康宁公司打造的“共同”玻璃艺术品，这块玻璃镶嵌在一个24K底座上。

这件玻璃艺术品是一个大型圆盘，两边切割出苹果公司的Logo。玻璃顶部印有“特朗普总统”字样，下方写着蒂姆·库克，应该是库克自己的签名。最底部印有“美国制造”和2025年字样。

库克表示，这个玻璃艺术品由一位目前在苹果任务的前美国海军陆战队下士设计，底座产自犹他州。

库克是出了名地善于培育与特朗普的相关。在特朗普再次中选总统后，多位CEO都心愿效仿库克，亲身与特朗普接触。不过，特朗普此前曾要挟苹果及其他手机制造商称，除非将消费转回美国，否则将被征收关税。(作者/箫雨)

制造业回流美国，没有想象中那么容易

美媒依据《美国制造业回流指数》笃定：美国将在2025年成功超84%的美国企业部分或许全部回流其制造业务。 我团体以为，大选将至，美国现任总统又拿前任总统的业绩来画饼了。

美前总统为制造业回流做了啥？

美前总统上前后，努力于重振美国制造业，他提出了一系列的政策和方案。 围绕着推进制造业回流，在贸易、税收、监管等方面启动调整，希望重新将具有竞争力的产业引回美国。

他采取各种手腕维护外乡消费者，比如惩罚中国出口货物加征关税，谈判美墨加北美自在贸易协议，以及分开跨太平洋同伴相关等等。 此类执行助力美国的制造业变得更具吸引力，并使外乡公司不再仅仅只思索本钱优势去外包消费。

他枪枪打中我们中国的痛点，比如：制止华为购置芯片、制止华为经常使用安卓系统、造成华为在市场占有率持久位列全球第一后，急剧降低。 画饼让台积电等芯片代工企业赴美建厂，让全球一切芯片代工企业都捏在美国手里。 制止先进光刻机对华出口，造成中国芯片设计开展，止步3纳米。 惩罚中国高校，让中国高端制造业人才无法出国留学和正常回流。

他提出增加企业税负、疏解运营及消费环节中的各种阻碍，同时使企业更容易取得财政资金支持。 这不只让美国企业将制造业回流国际，甚至还吸引了一部分中国企业赴美建厂。 他提出政府推销美国优先，这又促使一部分产品的消费在美国构成完整供应链。

所谓制造业回流有局限性

美国的所谓制造业回流其实自身就是一张大饼，有很大的行业局限性。 在美国制造业中，一些高技术含量或高附加值的产业相对容易回流，如航空、汽车、芯片、计算机等行业。 这些行业具有技术密集性、创新才干强以及对资本、人才、技术等方面的需求大等特点。

而在一些休息密集型的产业，例如轻工业、纺织业等，则面临着更大的困难。 这是由于休息密集型行业的消费本钱过于依赖于廉价休息力，假设要回流，本钱将清楚上升，难以维持外地竞争力。 此外还要求思索到供应链、设备树立等疑问，以及长途跋涉或许引入风险和延迟等疑问。

选民之所以支持制造业回流，是希望能够取得任务岗位，但是美国搞的所谓制造业回流，发生的岗位其实和大少数学历水平普通的美国人没有任何相关。

现任总统拿前总统的业绩来画饼

美国现任总统在制造业回流上简直没做任何事，他采取的执行简直没有任何的创见，就是躺在前任总统的业绩上。 他的“1.9万亿美元的经济抚慰方案”，其实就是由于出现通货紧缩，不得不向市场投放资金。 由于通货紧缩，美国的务工岗位不只没有参与，反而由于企业运营困难而有所增加。

他提议的“提高公司税率和增强打击冒充伪劣货物等措施“号称是维护外乡制造业，其实就是一个口号，美国正常法制运转下，这些任务原本就要启动。 但是，加税的做法，让很多赴美树立工厂的企业大呼受骗。

所以，这个时刻美媒说制造业回流取得成效，讴歌美现任总统的业绩，其实是前总统的。 为了选票，拿前任的业绩来画饼和前任总统，继续竞争马过去临的选举，也是有点诙谐。

英文版：Over 80% of US manufacturing will return in three years? The achievement of the former president is now being boasted about by the current president.

According to the US Manufacturing Reshoring Index, U.S. media is convinced that over 84% of American companies will partially or fully reshore their manufacturing operations by 2025. Personally, I think that with the presidential election approaching, the current U.S. president is boasting about the achievements of the former president again.

What did the former U.S. president do for the reshoring of manufacturing?

After taking office, the former U.S. president was committed to revitalizing American manufacturing and proposed a series of policies and plans. He made adjustments in trade, taxation, regulation and other areas aimed at promoting reshoring of manufacturing, hoping to bring competitive industries back to the United States.

He took various measures to protect domestic producers, such as imposing tariffs on Chinese imports, negotiating the USMCA free trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada, and withdrawing from the Trans-Pacific Partnership. These actions helped to make American manufacturing more attractive and led domestic companies to no longer only consider cost advantages when outsourcing production.

He hit the pain points of China, such as prohibiting Huawei from purchasing chips and using the Android system, which caused Huaweis market share to decline rapidly after briefly ranking first in the world. He invited TSMC and other chip foundries to build factories in the United States and brought all chip foundries in the world under Americas control. He prevented advanced lithography machines from being exported to China, causing Chinas chip design to stagnate at 3 nm. He punished Chinese universities, making it difficult for top-notch talent in Chinas high-end manufacturing industry to study abroad and return home normally.

He proposed reducing corporate tax burdens, eliminating various obstacles in the operation and production process, and making it easier for businesses to obtain financial support. This not only allowed American companies to reshore manufacturing domestically, but also attracted some Chinese companies to build factories in the United States. He proposed government procurement with Buy American priority, which promoted the formation of a complete supply chain for some products in the United States.

The so-called reshoring of manufacturing has limitations.

The so-called reshoring of manufacturing in the United States is actually a big pie with significant industry limitations. In the US manufacturing sector, some industries with high technology content or high added value are comparatively easy to reshore, such as aviation, automotive, semiconductor, computer and other industries. These industries have characteristics such as technology intensity, strong innovation ability, and large demand for capital, talent, technology, etc.

However, in some labor-intensive industries, such as light industry, textiles, they face greater difficulties. This is because the production cost of labor-intensive industries is too dependent on cheap labor. If they want to reshore, the cost will significantly increase, which will be difficult to maintain local competitiveness. In addition, supply chain, facility construction and other issues need to be considered, as well as risks and delays that may be introduced by long-distance transportation.

The reason why voters support reshoring of manufacturing is to obtain job opportunities, but the jobs created through the so-called reshoring of manufacturing in the United States actually have nothing to do with most average-educated Americans.

The current president is using the achievements of the former president to boast.

The current President of the United States has done almost nothing to bring back manufacturing, and his actions have been largely uncreative, relying on the achievements of the former president. His $1.9 trillion economic stimulus plan was simply a response to deflationary pressures that required market intervention. However, due to deflation, employment in the United States not only did not increase but actually decreased due to ongoing difficulties in business operations.

His proposal to raise corporate tax rates and strengthen measures to combat counterfeit goods is purportedly designed to protect domestic manufacturing, but is actually just a slogan. These are works that should have been carried out under normal legal procedures in the United States. However, the practice of raising taxes has left many enterprises that intended to build factories in America feeling deceived.

Therefore, when the American media praises the effectiveness of bringing back manufacturing, they are essentially singing the praises of the achievements of the former president, not the current one. Claiming credit for the achievements of the previous administration in order to win votes and compete in the upcoming election is somewhat ridiculous.

特朗普希望苹果回美国消费iPhone，库克表示了解？

特朗普呼吁库克：让iPhone回归美国消费，库克回应称了解

美国新任总统特朗普在赢得总统大选后，向苹果公司CEO蒂姆·库克表达了明白的希冀，他希望苹果能在其制造链中参与美国元素。 特朗普在接受《媒体》采访时泄漏，库克在获胜后致电，特朗普表示：“我对库克说，让苹果在美国树立大型工厂，甚至是多个，而非中国、越南等地，将是我真正的成就。 ”

关于特朗普的这一要求，库克并未给予直接承诺，只是表示了了解。 特朗普则继续表示，他将提供税收活动政策以奖励苹果回国建厂：“我们将大幅增添企业税，置信这会奖励你们选择美国。 ”

但是，特朗普早前关于iPhone外乡消费的言论并非初次。 他在竞选时期就提出，中选后会强迫苹果将消费迁回美国。 但是，《麻省理工科技评论》曾指出，这一举动或许带来的本钱参与和供应链断裂疑问。 文章指出，若苹果单纯在美国组装iPhone，本钱或许由4至10美元参与到30至40美元，造成多少钱下跌约5%。

此外，苹果的供应链普及全球，美国供应商占比仅约1/6。 iPhone所用766家供应商中，中国大陆占346家，日本126家，台湾41家。 消费iPhone所需的75种化学元素，美国简直无法满足，如铝合金原料。 若大规模在美国消费，每部iPhone本钱或许飙升100美元，且务工时机参与有限。

因此，虽然特朗普的呼吁表达了他对美国制造业复兴的希冀，但实践操作上或许面临诸多应战。 库克的回应标明，他了解特朗普的立场，但详细执行或许要求更深化的商业考量和战略调整。

苹果产品会被加税，特朗普为何要求其回国消费？

特朗普再次向苹果施压，要求回美国消费以防止中国征税。 美国最大企业征税人苹果因特朗普的最新关税清单中触及消费电子产品，面临着不小的压力。 苹果在一封致贸易官员的信中正告，包括Apple Pencil、AirPods、Apple Watch、HomePod和Mac mini在内的产品或许被征收25%的关税，这将造成产品多少钱上升。 苹果虽未明白提及iPhone，但表示本钱或许会转嫁给消费者。 苹果曾经向美国贸易代表提出修正关税提案，希望扫除自家产品。 白宫经济顾问 Larry·Kudlow 表示，他们将评价这些意见。 特朗普则在推特上直接建议苹果，处置方法是将消费移回美国，甚至提出提供税收活动。 他指出，由于或许加征中国关税，苹果产品或许涨价，但回国消费可免关税，甚至享用税收奖励。 特朗普曾奖励苹果在美国建厂，比如库克承诺建造大型工厂。 但是，目前只要Mac Pro在美国装配，大部分产品仍由海外工厂消费。 苹果积极照应了特朗普的务工召唤，如向康宁投资，方案在美国制造业和供应链上投资，参与务工岗位，富士康也在北美设立总部并树立工厂。 但是，即使消费回迁美国，产品多少钱未必会降低。 贸易律师Scott Lincicome指出，iPhone在美国消费本钱估量会从190美元飙升至600美元，这将使得多少钱大幅下跌。 因此，即使防止关税，本钱上升也或许使iPhone多少钱变得不划算。